After decades of development, the PCB industry has become a global industry, but in recent years, the total capacity has shown a low-speed development trend. However, in the future, driven by the sustainable development of the global electronic information industry, the global PCB market is expected to maintain a growth rate of about 2%. The industry is moving eastward, and the mainland is alone. The focus of PCB industry is constantly shifting to Asia, while the production capacity in Asia is further shifting to the mainland, forming a new industrial pattern. PCB production capacity in Europe, America and Taiwan continued to transfer to the mainland for the following three reasons:
1. The environmental protection policies of western countries have become stricter, and PCB industries with relatively high emissions have been forced to transfer. PCB contains heavy metal pollutants, which inevitably causes local environmental pollution in the manufacturing process. In Europe and the United States, the government has higher environmental requirements for PCB manufacturers than in China. Under strict environmental protection standards, enterprises need to establish a more perfect environmental protection system, which will lead to an increase in environmental protection expenditure, increase management costs and thus affect the profit level of enterprises. Therefore, European and American manufacturers only retain high-tech and confidential PCB businesses such as military, aerospace, and small batch fast board businesses, while continuously reducing PCB businesses with high pollution and low gross profit. The capacity of this part of business has been transferred to Asia, where environmental protection requirements are relatively loose and environmental protection expenditure is relatively low. Strict environmental protection policies also hinder the release of new production capacity. PCB manufacturers usually expand their production capacity by expanding existing plants or new plants. On the one hand, the restriction of environmental protection clauses increases the difficulty of plant site selection; On the other hand, the increase of cost reduces the expected rate of return of the project, weakens the feasibility of the project, and increases the difficulty of fund-raising. The speed of European and American manufacturers investing in new projects is lower than that of Asian manufacturers due to the above two reasons, thus releasing relatively little new capacity, and continuing to lag behind Asian regions in PCB capacity.
2. The mainland market gains price advantage with relatively low labor cost, while western manufacturers tend to be inferior in the price war. The labor cost in the mainland market has the advantage of relatively low. Although it has gradually increased in recent years, it is still far below the level of developed countries in Europe and the United States, as well as Japan and South Korea. By virtue of their advantages in environmental protection expenditure and labor costs, manufacturers in mainland China can gain competitive advantages at a lower price than those in other regions, thereby expanding their market share.
3. China has become the largest consumer electronics market in the world, and the upstream and downstream industrial chains are fully equipped with PCB industrial demand. In the past decade, China's electronic information industry has developed rapidly and the scale of the industry has been expanding. In 2015, China's consumer electronic information manufacturing industry achieved a main business income of 11.1 trillion yuan, ranking first in the world. As one of the carriers closest to the end products, PCB demand in mainland China will continue to grow with the popularity of downstream end products. Correspondingly, the supply side of the mainland has also formed a complete industrial chain "from copper foil, glass fiber, resin, to copper clad plate, and finally to PCB", which can support the growing production demand. Therefore, driven by demand, the industrial capacity has been transferred to the mainland smoothly.
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